Who is referred to as the captain in aviation?

In aviation, the term "captain" specifically refers to the pilot in command of the aircraft. This individual holds the ultimate responsibility for the operation and safety of the flight. The captain is typically the more experienced pilot on board and is in charge of making critical decisions regarding the flight, including navigation, communication with air traffic control, and addressing any unexpected situations that may arise during the flight.

This distinction is important because while the co-pilot, commonly known as the first officer, assists the captain and shares some operational responsibilities, it is the captain who holds the final authority on board an aircraft. Additionally, the flight attendant in charge and the engineer responsible for maintenance are important roles within the aviation ecosystem, but they do not equate to the pilot in command. Their responsibilities do not include direct piloting of the aircraft, which is why they do not fit the description of a captain.